Nozzle valve



Sept. 15, 1931. F. R. `SIMPSON A 1,823,311

NozzLE VALVE Filed Oct. 10, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l Am A9 Z5 ,e4 L i "322" WITNESS INVENTOR E RSIMPSON CNAM ATTORN EY Sept 15, 1931- Y F. R. SIMPSON 1,823,311

NOZ ZLE VALVE Filed oct. 1o. 1929 2 sneets-shet 2 WITNESS vENToR 6.

ER- MPsoN.

ATTQRNEY Patented Sept. 15 1931 nirED" lSTATES PATENT vOFFICE FRANK E. sIMPsoN, or kUPPER DARBY, rENNsYLVANIA, AssIGNon To WEsTINGHoUsE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION oF PENNSYLVANIA v NozzLE VALVE f Application filed october 1o,

yMy invention relates' to turbines, more2 particularlyfto a nozzle block therefor havf ing needle valves movableinto and out of the entrances to the'nozzles to control the f; 1fiovv of fluid therethrough, and it has for an yobj ect vto provide 'an improved construction yof the character set forth.- 1

A particular object is to provide mechanismfor moving theneedle -valve to an open lof position effecting minimum hindrance to and eddying ofthe motive fluid flovving'into the nozzle. f

A further object is to provide mechanism for operating the needle valves whereby each jvalve may be operated at any desired time With respect to the time of operation of said mechanism.

In accordance vvith my invention, I provide a lever on Which the needle valve isV carlried and Which-is pivoted on anaxis substantially at rightfangles to the nozzle and spaced therefrom. A rotatable, annular operating ring is provided, and is formed with Agrooves or slots engaging projections on said zLL levers, whereby, upon rotation of the Operating ring, the valves are actuated. By suitably forming or placing each groove, the time of yoperation oftheneedle valve controlled thereby may bedetermined.

The above and other objects are eected by my invention, as vWill be yapparent from they 'following description and claimsv taken in connection with the accompanying drawingsl forming a part ofthis application, in which: 955 rFig.-1 is a side elevation ofan elastic fluid turbine, with a portion in section showing "my'n'ovel nozzle block;

-Fig. 2is a plan view of the nozzle valve operating mechanism;

` Fig. 3 is a cross-section of said mechanism, f beingY taken on the line III-III of Fig. 4; v 4 is a sidewelevationof the. same; j and, j V I Fig.'5 is a plan vieWof a modified form lof nozzle valve operating mechanism.` v

Referring to the drawings more in detail,` I show in Fig. 1,' a turbine 10 of the bleeder or extraction type,'having a high pressure* 'section comprising an impulse stage 11 and 1929. ser'iaiNo. 398,772.

stage 12 and a number of reaction stages 13.

'The admissionl of motive fluid, preferably steam, tothe high pressure section is controlled'in any suitable manner, as by a valve 14. yAn extraction opening 15 is provided, throughwhich motive fluid which has been partially expanded in the impulse stage 11 may be extracted for other purposes. y

In such a turbine, suitable means is required to regulate the fiovv of motive fluid tothe low pressure section, and I have embodied my invention in the nozzle block 16 ofthe low pressure section impulse stage 12.

Referring now more particularly to Figs` 2, 3 and 4, the nozzle block 16 has nozzles 17 formed therein for expanding and directing motive fluid against the moving row of impulse blades 18. A needle valve 19 is provided-for each nozzle, and it is adapted,

lWhen' in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2, to shut off the flow of fluid through the nozzle.l The valve 19 is carried on a lever 421, which is pivoted to the nozzle block 16 on an axis extending substantially radially of the turbine, by means of lugs 22 on the nozzle block, a sleeve 23y on the lever andv apivot pin 24 extending through the lugs and the sleeve. The lever 21 is adapted to turn V'about its pivot and to bring the valve 19 from the closed position shown in full lines in Fig. 2to the open position shown in dotted lines.

In order to operate the lever21, it is provided With an arm 25 having a projec-v tion '26; An annular operating ring 27 is supported on brackets 28 extending from they nozzle block 16, and it is adapted to be rotated about the axis of the turbine. The,` ring 27 is provided with a slot 29 for each projection 26, whereby, upon rotation of the ring 27, the sides of the slots 29 contact withthe projections 26 to rotate the klevers about their pivots.

A spring 31 `is provided for each nozzle valve tobias the same to closedV position. This is a tension spring having one end connected to a lug 32 onpthe lever arm 25 and the other end connected to a lug 33 on the ring 27. `It will be noted that, asthe'lugsn 321and 33 move in the rsame direction upon rotation ofz the ring 27, the deflection of the spring is not greatly varied.

jiswill be knoted from the drawings the arms 25, ring 27 and the springs 31 are disposed radially inwardly of the nozzles 19,

Awhereby they do. not obstruct the flow of motive fluid to the nozzles. Y

The operation of the above described embodiment is as follows:

i the position of the ring 27 shown in Fig. 2, all of' the valves 19 are in closed position, shutting oft the flow of motive fluid4 throu h the nozzles 17, by reason of the action of t e springs 31 which bias the levers 21 in clockwise direction. It will be noted that the left ,sides of the slots 29 yoff the first two valves contact with the lugs 26, whilethe left hand side of the third slot29'ijs spaced from Vthe. lug 26. `Upon rotation of the ring 27 to ,the right, ,the two levers- 21 are moved incounter-clockwise direction moving 'the needle valves 19 out of the mouths ofthe nozzles 1f? to rpermit flowof motive fluid therethrough. When the ring has travelled aan amount equal to the clearance between the closed position asfthe to the left.

lefthand side of the third slot 29 and the projection 26, the latter projection is moved to rotate the third lever 21, whereupon the third needle valve 19 is moved to open position.

u, Upon movement of the ring-27 to the left,

the third lever 21 is first rotatedv to the right 'by means of th-e spring 31 until the third,

valve 19 is brought to closed position, after which the first ytwo valves 19 aremoved to It is thusapparent that the time of opening of any valve with respect to operation of they ring 27 may be determined by the osition ofthe left hand side of the slot 29 in t e ring'.

In Fig. ,5, I show a modified form of my invention, iny which grooves 29.'are formed in the outer peripheral facel lof the ring 27. Projections 26, carried by the levers 21', are

f-disposed inthe grooves 29, fwhich are de signed to operate the valves at any desired ktime in the operation of the ring 27 by mov;-

ing the )projections 26 transverselyv ofthe vThe grooves shown in Fig.v 5 are designed toopen the valves successively.l Eachgroove consists of a part 34 which holds they valve in open position, a part 35which moves the valve 1nl opening direction when the ring 27 is ro .i-tatedto the right and in closing direction ring continues to move.

, movements of the valves.

as moving to theV right, the projection 26 of the first valve19 The second valve is being opened, while the third valve is closed but will begin to open by the time 1that the second valvehas fully opened. Y Y

The open or partly open position of the valve 19 or 19 provides a more uniform flow of steam around the Valve than in prior oonstructions. As shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the valve is spaced fromthe wall of the adjacent nozzle 17 and steam may flow along the path indicated by the numeral EL Steam may also flow above and below the valve as indicated by the path B, and on thehinged side of the valve along the path indicated by the numeral C. Thev flow of steam into the nozzle is, therefore, substantially uniform around the circumference thereof, producing a smooth flow with minimum eddying. 1 f

From' the above description, it willbe seen that I have provided a novel mechanism for opening and closing 4a plurality of 'needle valves adapted to control the flow of motive fluid through the turbine nozzles, said mechanism being capable of effecting movement of each valve at any desired time with respect to the time of operation of the operating mechaVd nism. The novel mechanism also provides,

minimum hindrance to the flow of motive fluid vto the nozzles, and minimum eddying thereof.

While I have shown my invention in but two forms and as applied to an axialiow type of turbine, it will be obvionsto those skilled in the art that it is noty so limited, but is susceptible of various other changes and modifications, without departing from the only such limitations shall be placed there upon as arev imposed by the prior art or as are speciiicallysset forth in the appendedclailns. Y

WVhatI claim isi r Y Y v1. In a Huid pressure turbine, the combination ofa plurality of nozzles disposed in a row along a circle concentric with the axis of the turbine, valves pivoted in the turbine and adapted to move to and from the'entrances of the nozzles to control the flow of fluid therethrough, andaring having surfaces engaging parts carried by the valves whereby the ring controls theY opening and closing 2. In an axial flow turbine, the combination of nozzles extending substantiallyV `tangentially of the turbine,jvalves pivoted'on axes extending substantially radially and spaced from the mouths of the nozzles, the valves being movable to and from the mouths of the nozzles to control the flow of motive` fluid therethrough,` and a rotatable ringihaving surfaces engaging'parts carried by the Vvalves for operating the valves, said ring Vand parts beingdisposed radially inwardly of the nozzles, providing asubstantially unobstructd ed path Vformotive fluid in front of the mouthsof the nozzles s spirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, that Y 3. In a fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a plurality of nozzles disposed in a row along a circle concentric with the axis of the turbine, valves pivoted in the turbine andadapted to move to and from the entrances of the nozzles to control the flow of fluid therethrough, and a ring having surfaces engaging parts carried by the valves whereby the ring controls the opening and closing movements of the valves, said surfaces being so disposed as to cause the valves to be opened and closed successively.

Ll. In a uid pressure turbine, the combination of a plurality of nozzles disposed in a row along a circle concentric with the axis of the turbine, valves pivoted in the turbine and adapted to move to and from the entrances of the `nozzles to control the iiow of fluid therethrough, and a ring having surfaces engagingparts carried by the valves whereby the ring controls the opening and closing movements of the valves, said ring and saidy parts being disposed to the side of the path of the motive fluid flowing to said nozzles in order to avoid hindrance to the flow of said motive fluid.

5. In an axial flow fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a plurality of nozzles disposed in a row along a circle concentric with the axis of the turbine, valves adapted to con- Y trol the flow of fluid through the nozzles, said valves being pivoted on axes extending substantially radially of the turbine and having lever arms extending substantially axially of the turbine, and a ring having transverse sur-y faces engaging said lever armsin valve opening direction for operating the valves.

6, In an axial iiow fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a plurality of nozzles disposed in a row concentric with the axis of the turbine, valves adapted to control the iiow dially of the turbine and having lever arms extendin substantially axially of the turbine, a ring having transverse surfaces engaging said lever arms in valve opening direction, ythe circumferential spacing of two of the surfaces being different from that of the two valves controlled thereby so that as the ring moves in valve opening direction one surface contacts before the other to provide successive opening of the two valves, and springs biasing the lever arms in valve closing direction against said surfaces.

7. In an axial iow fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a plurality of nozzlesdisposed in a row along a circle concentricwith the axis of the turbine, valves adapted to control the flow of fluid through the nozzles, said valves being pivoted on axes extending substantially radially yofthe turbine and having lever arms extending substantially axially of the turbine, a ring having transverse surfaces engaging said lever arms in valve opening direction, the circumferential spacing of two of the surfaces being different from that of the two valves controlled thereby so that as the ring moves in valve opening direction one surface contacts before the other to provide successive opening of the two valves, and springs connected between the ring and the lever arms and biasing the lever arms in valve closing direction against said surfaces.

8. In an axial flow fluid pressure turbine, the combination of a plurality of nozzles disposed in a row along a circle concentric with the axis of the turbine, valves adapted to control the iow of fluid through the nozzles, said valves being pivoted on axes extending substantially radially of the turbine and having lever arms for operating the same, and a cam ring vhaving cam surfaces contacting with said lever arms for moving the valves about their pivotal axes.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed by name this 16th day of September,

` FRANK R. SIMPSON. 

